![]() Many news organizations also have their own codes of ethics that guide journalists' professional publications. Many credible news organizations, or their employees, often belong to and abide by the ethics of professional organizations such as the American Society of News Editors, the Society of Professional Journalists, Investigative Reporters & Editors, Inc., or the Online News Association. In the US, many credible news organizations are incorporated entities, have an editorial board, and exhibit separate editorial and advertising departments. This is intended to eliminate conflicts of interest and protect consumers. The Federal Trade Commission requires that bloggers who write about products received as promotional gifts, disclose that they received the products for free. Bloggers are often regarded as journalists. In the United States, journalism is produced by media organizations or by individuals. Journalistic conventions vary by country. Newspapers have seen print revenues sink at a faster pace than the rate of growth for digital revenues. News organizations are challenged to fully monetize their digital wing, as well as improvise on the context in which they publish in print. This has created a shift in the consumption of print media channels, as people increasingly consume news through e-readers, smartphones, and other personal electronic devices, as opposed to the more traditional formats of newspapers, magazines, or television news channels. The proliferation of the Internet and smartphones has brought significant changes to the media landscape since the turn of the 21st century. In addition, countries may have differing implementations of laws handling the freedom of speech, freedom of the press as well as slander and libel cases. ![]() In others, news media are independent of the government and operate as private industry. ![]() ![]() In some nations, the news media are controlled by government and are not independent. The appropriate role for journalism varies from countries to country, as do perceptions of the profession, and the resulting status. The word, a noun, applies to the occupation (professional or not), the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary styles. Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the " news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree of accuracy. For the academic journal, see Journalism (journal). ![]()
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